`` Dirty Wars `` By Jeremy Scahill - 777 Words

The fact that there are two sides or viewpoints to every feud, also means that one side influences the other. This one illustrates how blindsided humans have become on certain issues. The fact that the truth for one side can mean that the opposing side false shows how close minded humans have come to be. Either we’re too stubborn to listen or purposely ignoring what can possibly be the truth. Jeremy Scahill, in his narrative Dirty Wars reprimands the Obama military activity on war on terror. He negates what he portrays as the organization s endeavors to standardize and legitimize by drones executed and generally Special Operations attacks and other secret military practices that blur the fight lines of the war on terror. In fact, the war on terror and the war on drugs have converged to shape a hydra-headed beast that greedily targets not only Americans, but specific groups of people. Strategies and enactment used to battle terrorism in the U.S. have been turned on the drug war , with awful outcomes measured in lives, appendages, and money. From the Patriot Act to the utilization of witnesses to reconnaissance, the wars on drugs and terror have dissolved into each other. Both conflict, drugs and terrorist associations, are criminal according to universal law in any case if their exercises are persuaded by governmental issues or financial matters. The most overbearing shared characteristic between these two wars is that they proceed, and will proceed, for reasons havingShow MoreRelatedPersonal Note On Hobbies And Hobbies1060 Words   |  5 Pagesintelligence, history, and cyber. My favorite authors on these subjects are Christopher Andrew, who wrote for the presidents eyes only, Jeremy Scahill who wrote Blackwater and Dirty Wars, and Kevin Mitnik who wrote ghosts in the wires and the art of social engineering. As for my least favorite author, one that sticks out in my mind is John Keegan who wrote Intelligence in War. Though informative, I found the book to be very dry and hard to get into. Military Background Reasons for entering the service

The Effects Of Exercise On Emotional Health Essay

The Effects of Exercise on Emotional Health Joey Comstock Psychology Mr. Meir 10/19/16 The Psychological Effects of Exercise Abstract The goal of this paper was to show the benefits of exercise on emotional health and to show how it can effectively be used to help people with mental issues. Through various studies data was collected and while the results may have varied slightly they all told the same general story: exercise is good for your emotional health. This paper explored the impact of exercise on people with various physical issues that had negative consequences on patients mental health. This made for a great analysis of the various ways that exercise can help improve your quality of life. Not only was the impact of exercise examined but the proper amount was also investigated in order to provide as much information as possible to help make the process as easy as possible for the people that are trying to use physical activity to help them. Introduction Exercise may be one of the most important influences on your overall health to date. While the only benefits that are mainly focused on are the physical benefits, significant psychological impacts can also be linked to exercise. Although some of these benefits aren’t viewed with much enthusiasm, studies have proven that exercise can actually improve one’s quality of life greatly by increasing not only their physical health but their mental health as well. It is because of this that exercise is aShow MoreRelatedBody and Mind Connection: How All Aspects of Health Affect Learning807 Words   |  3 Pagestissue, and nerves. Each system of the body affects each other, contributing to the total health of an individual. Every aspect of health affects the way a person learns, feels, and performs. It is important have a healthy body, sound emotional state, and solid psychological state to learn and perform at the highest level of capability. 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Without having a balanced diet, an essence of physical activity, and occasions of relaxation, ultimately, the ability to learn will sufferRead MoreThe Childhood Obesity Epidemic Essay1242 Words   |  5 Pagespast years. The number has obviously also grown due to the video games, computers, and televisions, which are considered to be needed now-a-days, and have begun to take over the importance of exercising. The lack of exercise can lead to obesity, which approaches lots of negative effects. Obesity continuously puts these children at a very high risk of developing many serious illnesses like high blood pressure, asthma, and many more. Even though there are many things that get in the way that can makeRead MoreThe Correlation between Stress, Overweight, and Exercise1177 Words   |  5 Pages The Correlation between Stress, Overweight and Exercise Stress, exercise and obesity – what do they have in common and what roll do they play in the human body? 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Strategic Use of Enterprise Resource Planning

Question: Write an essay about the "Strategic use of Enterprise Resource Planning". Answer: 1. Introduction ERP or Enterprise Resource Planning can be referred to as a program or software related to the business that helps in managing, collecting, storing and manipulating information as acquired from the various businesses activities of the firms (Akca and Ozer 2014). The management software is related to the business that helps in incorporating the various applications related to the effective management of the business functions relating to the technology, services and human resources as well. The ERP analystics can be referred to as the branch of science that deals in enabling the the business organizations to make better decisions by analyzing the efectes of the technology on the business development project. The ERP system includes the product planning and management, finance, development of business processes, sales, marketing, and product manufacturing (Monk and Wagner 2012). The ERP analytics also deals in analyzing the identification of the information and adaptation for enhancing the business productivity and gain (Candra 2014). The ERP analytics is the identification and analysis of the ERP implementation process within an organization for improving the perforce of the employees, controlling the costs, cash flows, supply chain and enhancing the overall business performance of the business processes (Encyclopedia of business analytics and optimization 2014). The ERP system also helps the organizations in covering the wide variety of services including the process distribution and management, price configuration, financial data improvement, critical assessment, project planning and standardization, reduction of redundancy, human resource management, cost reduction, business process automation and also in accounting and financial application (Hwang and Grant 2014). The project aims at formulating a report based on the strategies and approaches that are r equired for ensuring the successful implementation of the ERP subsystem within the business environment of the organizations. Background Verbatim is an Australian consumer based organization which expertise in incorporating considerable products value beyond and above its competitors to the media technology. Established in the year 1980, Verbatim has been one of the forefronts of the evolution in the data storage technology. At present, the company remains one of the most recognizable names in the global market (Johnson 2016). The company is now the leader in the distribution of the computer hardware, magnetic and optical media and computer systems. Being a pioneer in the industry, the company recognized for the role that it has been playing in the commercial production, predict development and introduction of new technologies. The leadership role of the company has been evident especially through its apparent in the evolution of the optimal media technology including the CD/DVD and MO family of products. The biggest challenge that the company is facing that it requires a new ERP system that could help the company in managing the growth and expansion of the plans which could enable the company to remain competitive and sustainable in the global market (Paul 2014). 2. ERP system 2.1 Business challenge As the business of Verbatim has been continuously increasing and growing on a global platform, the company requires the exploitation of the business systems that are scalable and robust. However, the company is flexible enough to meet up with the business requirements and objectives in the long run. The main objective of the company is to expand into more of its oviducts trance with the increase in the growth of the business on a global platform (Nair, Reddy and Samuel, 2014). Moreover, with the increase in the growth of the company has led it to analyses its business processes in a more detailed manure such that to meet up with the global operations with new operations in the market. In addition, the company also requires reducing the complexity of oats business process such that to be more consistent in the way the company does the things. Moreover, the mainframe computer system is very large, woeful, inadequate and old for a distribution and marketing organization in a global mark et (Paul 2014). However, the biggest challenge that the company is facing that it requires a new ERP system that could help the company in managing the growth and expansion of the plans which could enable the company to remain competitive and sustainable in the global market. The company has been looking for many different solutions where in the local products are not found to be non supportive with the SQL and have no connection with the Internet. Moreover, the products are also not quite available for the company where it had major concerns about the intensity of support that it could entertain (Johnson 2016). The company also has been looking for many ways to enhance its business porcess where it wanted to build a partnership with another company that could not only have progressive and better infrastructure in place to provide support but also have the product that is already in place in the market. Moreover, the company has been the looking for adopting a staged approach through the testing and implementation of each and every solutions for moving into the next step. The company has been constantly requiring achieving its objectives without any disruptions in its business processes. Thus, the company has been searching for a new system that could man age the internal communication reporting relationships for improving the internal processes and managing internal communication such that to improve the communication with all the stakeholders within the business environment. The biggest challenge that the company has been facing is the communication issues where in a lot of communication has been conducted with useless information (Olson and Staley 2012). The company is thus, planning to implement ERP system that would be aiming to help the organization to identify the most useful information relevant to the audience such that the decisions can be made quickly and alerted whenever it is generated. The company is currently requiring to escalate its system requirements in order to introduce new data warehouse such that to standardize the business processes all across its operating regions (Weli 2014). Moreover, the company is also requiring implementing tools which would ensure the consistency and standardization in the way it is doing the things. This new system would allow the company to retain and use the system differently in the different parts of the region where it is been working. This initiative to standardize with business processes would help in improving the consistency and quality of information across the entire business environment of the company. Without the standardization, the numbers and their performance results could be measured in a different way from different regions (Nazari, Mohammadipour and Namamian 2014). The data warehouse solution would be providing the company with greater tools to make comparison and thereby improving their business processes by s tandardizing the same. The company is also looking forward to host an improvement systems ranging from the projects that it has been implementing. The ERP implementation and the data warehouse system would be enabling the company in planning to experience greater productivity and standardization across its business environment. This implementation of the ERP will be helping the company in getting required consistent information through regeneration of the accurate results and analysis of the business processes. It has been found that the company has been excellent in various areas including the business efficiency which it is estimated to gain 30% that it has been able to achieve (Johnson 2016). The company has been looking for more potential benefits in respective of communication process and business environment such that to improve the efficiency in the future. The company is planning to expand business process application of the new system which could help it in getting greater accountability and bette r communication across the entire business culture and facilitating its business processes. 2.2 Applications of ERP The implemenation of the ERP system within a business environment helps a company to provide values and benefits to the organizations in four fundamental ways viz., automation of the business processes, advanced decision making, coneceting with the customers and suppliers, and innovation in the operating business models. The applications of the ERP can be illustrated below as: 2.2.1 Automation The ERP analytics would be helping in the identification and analysis of the ERP implementation process within the organization for improving the performance of the employees, controlling the costs, cash flows, supply chain and enhancing the overall business performance of the company (Nair, Reddy and Samuel 2014). The ERP system also helps the company in covering the wide variety of services including the process distribution and management, price configuration, supply chain management, improvement of financial information, critical assessment, standardization of business processes, redundancy reduction, project planning, human resource management, cost reduction, business process automation and also in accounting and financial application (Elragal and Haddara 2013). The project would also help in preparing the report relating to the strategies and approaches that are essential for ensuring the successful implementation of the ERP subsystem within the business environment of the org anization (Elragal and Haddara 2013). The ERP is a powerful technology that can make the business processes more efficient, reduce costs, improve usability and change the business processes of the company (Gelogo and Kim 2014). The solutions related to the ERP include many complex back and front office system ranging from inventory and accounting management to CRM and e-commerce, which the company needs to integrate in order to create valuable experience for its end users (Hilgefort 2012). This strategy takes careful execution and planning of time for accelerating the implementation process wherein the company need to ensure that the project is appropriately scoped through the expert knowledge on the ERP system. 2.2.2 Decision making The application of the ERP analytical system would be helping the managers to make faster decisions such that to enable them to make efficient decisions in order to run the business processes in a smooth manner (Dumas et al 2013). The ERP analytical system helps in building the information to be visible across the organization such that to increase the efficacy and efficiency of the business. The ERP analytics is still in its progress phase of development, there have to to be some limitations with the system. 2.2.3 Innovation The business process related to the ERP system can be comprised of two models namely BPR (Business Process Resourcing) and BPM (Business Process Management). The BPR is basically a radical approach from there curter business process system (Dumas et al 2013). The approach helps in removing all the unnecessary and redundant process flows in the business oppresses and thereby replacing the same with the better processes on time. The BPR process is the most suitable process for improving the design phase in order to adapt the changes that support the new objectives and strategies of the firms (Nazari, Mohammadipour and Namamian 2014). 2.2.3.1 Alternative for BPR The BPM is another innovative model with the softer approach to process the change instead of being rapid and radical change as can be seen in case of the BPR. BPM (Business Process Management) model incorporates thde management of the performace of the business processes on a continouos basis rather than replacing the business processes at once. The approach is suitable for designing the effective, efficient, and flexible management disciple for the analysis, redesigning, implementation, documentation, measuring, controlling and monitoring the automatic business processes of the firms (Idorn 2016). The BPM is the main attraction center for the business organizations as instead of creating the business processes for changing the nature of the business, it helps in advocating the focus of the change of the business processes in the world today. 2.2.4 Connectivity with the cutsomers Business process is the collection of the activities which are structured and which helps in producing the specific services or products for the particular organization in order to meet with the expectations of its customers. The business process can be comprised of the three types which can be described below as: Management process: The process helps in governing the operations of the system which includes the strategic management and corporate governance.. Supporting process: The process helps in supporting the core processes involved with the accounting and technical support (Olson and Staley 2012). Operational process: The operation process enables the organization in creating the primary value stream constituting the core business. As for example, the taking orders from the customers. The business process deals in the mission objective and completes with the achievement of the business objectives of the company. A complex business process could be broken down into various sub processes and attributes that contributes to the meeting up of the objectives of the business processes. 2.3 Relevance of business process with the ERP system The business process seeks after the ERP system and it implementation. The organizations are eager to adapt the system however, only few of them know the realistic understanding about how to exploit the new system (Kimberling 2016). The processes are best defined and incorporated prior to the implementation of the projector which the project team needs to be implying for the success of the implementation in the future. The implementation of the ERP system would be helping the faster implementation, reduction of expenses which is widely embraced within the business environment. 2.4 Strategy 2.4.1 BPR necessity prior to the implementation of ERP The implementation of the new ERP system within the business environment as selected by the organizations would help them in remaining competitive in the market as the Business process re-engineering is not constrained with any configuration. Moreover, the ERP system helps the companies to be more flexible in their business approaches (Candra 2014). The analysis of the ERP system helps in illustrating the capability to save the cost and time involved with the various ranges of their business processes. The integration of the ERP system within the business process can help the mangers to make faster decisions as well. The BPR is thus, an approach which is related to the ERP architecture. Each and every company wants to implement the system, however, only few of them have the appropriate knowledge of achieving the realistic understanding (Huijsman and Noordveld 2016). The processes are best defined and incorporated before the implementation of the ERP which is one of the most important factors fro the integration project to be successful. The implementation of the ERP would be helping the companies to incorporate faster implementation of the processes including the reduction of expenses, widely embraced by the workforce within the business environment. 2.5 Risks involved with the avoidance of BPR and ERP system Business process engineering intuitive helps in achievement of the improvements of the business processes. The time optimization, increasing productivity, service efficiencies and cost reduction are some of the major advantages of utilization the BPR project within the business environment of the organizations (Hirve and Sekar 2016). However, the avoidance of the BPR and ERP system involves some risks which can be described as follows: Technical risks: The ERP is based on the utilization of the Information technology. Thus, the avoidance of the BPR and EPR in the business environment would imply to take technical risks. Financial risks: The ERP and BPR system is related with the establishment of high returns on the investment. Thus, the avoidable of the ERP result in the financial risk for the firms (sagecrm.com 2016). Functional risks: The ERP and BPR system helps in reorganizing the financial plan such that it could be applicable to a wide variety of business processes. The avoidance of the BRP and ERP should be including the functional risks for the organizations. Analysis of the ERP system within the business processes of Verbatim would be enabling the company to make faster decisions (Rahnavard and Bozorgkhou 2014). Moreover, the system would also help the company to run its business oppresses in a smooth manner. The ERP would also help the managers to manage the information such that to make them transparent across the company. Besides, the ERP system would also helps the company to enhance the efficacy and efficiency of the business processes. Prior to the implementation of ERP, the company would be requiring implementing BPR system within its business processes (Dumas et al 2013). 2.6 Approach for implementing an analytical approach The analysis technique helps in providing the services to the business organizations by the approaches which can be described below as: Understanding the customers and their requirements Acquiring the knowledge of the company performs at all the levels of the business standards Identifying the products and services that have the better margin growths Indemnifying the worth of the stock of the company Deterring the approach to increase the stock of the company Analytical strategies for successful implementation of the ERP (Elragal and Haddara 2013) Implementation of the new system within the business infrastructure requires the appropriate planning, analysis, and making suitable strategies prior to the installment of the system. The implementation of the new system could be done in phases, in parallel or in the overall system of the busied process. Based on the stereos, the implementation of the ERP can be described below as: Instant Strategy: The instant strategy requires the integration of the ERP in the entire system which helps in leading to the establishment of an entire new system. Phased out strategy: The strategy is based on the requirements of the change process that is required to be integrated in phases over a certain period of time. Parallel strategy: The strategy includes the implementation of the new ERP system at the same time with the running of the traditional business processes and thus, providing the business managers to cope up with the system (Akca and Ozer 2014). Based on the above approaches, the business professionals are required to choose the units that suit the best for the respective companies. 2.7 Possible challenges with the implementation of the ERP The major issues relating to the implication of the ERP system within the organization can be: Customization of the ERP analytical system could be an issue as compared with the other management sustem program The ERP system is not compatible with the supply chain planning and prediction process The development of the ERP application requires a lot of effort in analyzing and planning the costs to implement The implementation of the ERP within the business process requires high investment in switching to the same High investment in switching to the ERP implementation (Weli 2014) 2.8 ERP technology help keep Verbatim ahead of the game 2.8.1 Implementation The company requires to implement the new ERP system within its business process the new system would be enabling the company to increase its productivity by providing more accuracy and consistency across the business. The system would help the company to enhance its business performance and automate the business processes. Before the integration of the ERP solution within the business environment, the company should be concerned more about the cost that should be demonstrating the return on investment in order to provide practical consideration about management of the process with in the business environment (Johnson 2016). The implementation of the ERP system requires commitment by the project item and is supported by the business leaders of the company in order to ensure that it would be successful in the future. With accurate execution and planning, the implementation of the ERP system would be a smooth process and would be helping the company in quickly improving the efficiency across the entire business processes of the company (enabling.net 2016). 2.8.2 Best practices The ERP implementation comes with a range of functions to choose from. The company needs to select its own custom ERP program. This complexity and cost of taking on such a huge project helps in exploiting on the advantage of implementing the system within every business processes (Elragal and Haddara 2013). The company can also opt for purchasing on-premise ERP software and install it within the computer and servers of the company. Prior to the investment on the investment on an onsite ERP solution, the company should be considering most important facts. One of the facts is that two thirds of the mid-size organizations are running in older version of the ERP software. These organizations decide to implement ERP software without updating it and this limitation employs business risks which could lose the critical customizations and integration of the organization (Nazari, Mohammadipour and Namamian 2014). Thus, keeping the technology with the latest version is the key to maximize the p otential of the company in the future. Another alternative would be the cloud based ERP solutions like Net Suite which could help the organization to manage entirely off site by the ERP vendors. Besides, it is the cloud based solution would not be costing theca company to make huge investment in the IT server and hardware. The implementation of the cloud based jobs in solution would enable the company to dedicate its personal resources in managing the same over the cloud. The implementation of the ERP system is usually easier and faster to deploy than the onsite deployment and maintenance as the cloud based ERP vendors are liable for keeping the technology to be updated (Elragal and Haddara 2013). Most importantly, the cloud technologies incorporates the customization and integration of the automatic system update which helps in ensuring the most advanced capability to be automatically upgraded to the latest version. 3. Recommendation The vendors of the ERP are meant to provide the data access and application through the published interfaces. If the vendors could be extending the data access with the third party software, some extra features could be added to the system and the analytical approach as well which would be including the data capturing, advanced scheduling, specialization, and beet management of the resources as well. The critical analysis of the ERP system shows that the program is bifacial in saving costs and time involved with the various stages of the business process. Although, the implementation of the system requires huge initiator investment. It could be helpful, in reducing down on the costs related to the business processes sic that it could. Be proved beneficial in the long run for the companies. The application of the ERP analytical system would be helping the managers to make faster decisions such that to enable them to make efficient decisions in order to run the business processes in a smooth manner. The ERP analytical system helps in making the information to be visible across the organization such that to increase the efficiency and efficacy of the business. The ERP has some limitations which however, are being recognized and despite being a huge task which requires a lot of effecter in planning the implementation of the ERP including the e-business suites, web enabled ERP, and inter e-Enterprises ERP has sparked new terns as the system is best suitable for the business. 4. Conclusion The analysis of the ERP system with the Verbatim would be enabling the company to save cost and time involved in the various ranges of the business process. Being in the development stage, the ERP system invokes some imitations. These limitations could be eradicated by the incorporation of the two basic approaches of the ERP including the BPR and BPM which help in making new trends that is best suited for nether business.. The ERP analytics would be helping in the identification and analysis of the ERP implementation process within the organization for improving the performance of the employees, controlling the costs, cash flows, supply chain and enhancing the overall business performance of the firm. The ERP system also helps the company in covering the wide variety of services including the process distribution and management, price configuration, supply chain management, improvement of financial information, critical assessment, standardization of business processes, redundancy re duction, project planning, human resource management, cost reduction, business process automation and also in accounting and financial application. The ERP application thus, helps the company in managing the growth and expansion of the plans which could enable the company to remain competitive and sustainable in the global market. References Akca, Y. and Ozer, G. 2014. Diffusion of Innovation Theory and Animplementation on Enterprise Resource Planning Systems.IJBM, 9(4). Candra, 2014. KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING IMPLEMENTATION: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL.Journal of Computer Science, 10(3), pp.499-507. Dumas, M., La Rosa, M., Mendling, J. and Reijers, H.A., 2013. Introduction to business process management. InFundamentals of Business Process Management(pp. 1-31). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Elragal, A. and Haddara, M. 2013. The Impact of ERP Partnership Formation Regulations on the Failure of ERP Implementations.Procedia Technology, 9, pp.527-535. enabling.net, 2016. Linen House | Enabling Australia. [online] Enabling.net. Encyclopedia of business analytics and optimization. 2014.Choice Reviews Online, 52(02), pp.52-0606-52-0606. Gelogo, Y. and Kim, H. 2014. Mobile Integrated Enterprise Resource Planning System Architecture.International Journal of Control and Automation, 7(3), pp.379-388. Hilgefort, I. 2012.Reporting and analytics with SAP BusinessObjects. Bonn: Galileo Press. Hirve, A. and Sekar, V., 2016. RISK FACTORS BARRIERS TO PROCESS RE-ENGINEERING. Huijsman, K. and Noordveld, P., 2016. BPM based ERP implementation. Hwang, Y. and Grant, D. 2014. An empirical study of enterprise resource planning integration: global and local perspectives.Information Development. Idorn, N., 2016. A Business Process Management Approach to ERP Implementation. Johnson, P., 2016. ERP and CRM technology from Sage help keep Verbatim ahead of the game. Kimberling, 2016. Five Reasons Why Business Process Reengineering Should Happen Before Your ERP Implementation | 360 ERP Blog. Monk, E. and Wagner, B., 2012.Concepts in enterprise resource planning. Cengage Learning. Nair, J., Reddy, D. and Samuel, A. 2014. Conceptualizing Dimensions of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Success.International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems, 10(1), pp.53-75. Nazari, A., Mohammadipour, R. and Namamian, F. 2014. Enterprise resource planning: An assessment for readiness to change.Management Science Letters, 4(1), pp.127-132. Olson, D. and Staley, J. 2012. Case study of open-source enterprise resource planning implementation in a small business.Enterprise Information Systems, 6(1), pp.79-94. Paul, D. 2014. Performance Evaluation and Operation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Software Security System.International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems, 3(5), p.45. Rahnavard, F. and Bozorgkhou, N. 2014. Key factors in the successful implementation of enterprise resource planning system.Management Science Letters, 4(4), pp.747-752. Schmiedel, T., vom Brocke, J. and Recker, J., 2015. Culture in business process management: how cultural values determine BPM success. InHandbook on Business Process Management 2(pp. 649-663). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Weli, W. 2014. Manager Satisfaction in Using the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System and Managerial Performance.AJIS, 18(3).

Understand Health and Social care in settings free essay sample

Understand Health and Safety in Social Care Settings 8Understand how to promote environmental safety procedures in the social care setting 8. 4Explain the importance of having an emergency plan in place to deal with unforeseen incidents Having an emergency plan in place, helps people to deal with things in an emergency. It lays out what should be done and how things should be handled. The idea behind an emergency plan is to meet specific needs. In the event of a fire or gas leak, it lays out exactly what needs to be done to handle the situation. It provides strategies and ways to handle. For example, in the event of a fire, it would outline what procedure to follow. This can include how to raise the alarm, how to handle the situation and who and when to contact people. It would also outline who is in charge of the certain situation, for example, who is in charge of fire safety. We will write a custom essay sample on Understand Health and Social care in settings or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page An emergency plan has reporting measures. This is useful in reporting back findings and assessing situations and how they could be handled differently or improved on. In the event of an emergency, an emergency plan establishes authority. It lays out who should be doing what and who needs to take charge of the whole situation. Everybody knows exactly what to do, where to be and there is no confusion. The plan includes emergency evacuation routes. This is crucial in health and safety as it ensures that all involved are able to find the quickest and safest way of leaving the building. This can help to reduce injury and save lives. An emergency plan enables training opportunities. It can identify who is trained, who needs training and any additional training that may be needed to handle such emergencies. An emergency plan also enables co-ordination with other agencies. It enables the company and outside agencies to work together to ensure that training is all up-to-date and should there be an unforeseen circumstance, all persons involved know what to do. It ensures that the Company is able to handle such situations and that they are doing everything they can to prevent such incidents. This can show that the Company has Fire Safety checks in place and up to date for example. Emergency plans are paramount in dealing with incidents and unforeseen circumstances should they occur. They ensure that all involved know what to do and how to handle things. It can help reduce injury and save lives. It keeps people up-to-date with training and raises awareness. 9Understand how to manage stress 9. 1Describe common signs and indicators of stress Stress in a normal physical response to events or happenings that make you feel threatened or unbalanced in one way or another. When the body senses danger, whether it is real or imagined, the body kicks into action and creates as an automatic response known as the stress response. The stress response is the body’s way of protecting you. When it is working properly, it enables you to stay balanced, focused and alert. Sometimes the stress response can save your life; it is the body’s way of dealing with things quickly. Although stress can help your body, after a certain point, it can start causing major damage to your health. Stress affects your quality of life and mood. There are a number of signs and symptoms to stress that you need to look out for and can include the following; 1. Cognitive Symptoms Memory Problems – Stress can cause you to forget things. The body worries that much about what is happening or what needs to be done that it can cause memory problems. Inability to concentrate – There is that much playing on the mind that stress can cause the body to have an inability to concentrate. There is lack of focus in life and this can be the body’s way of recognising this. Poor judgement – Stress can cause you to make inappropriate judgements and handle things in a different way. Seeing only the negative – The stress that you are experiencing can cause lack of motivation and energy. Sometimes people feel that there is no way forward and they can only see negative things happening to them or around them. Anxious thoughts – The body feels that there is so much going on and may not be able to cope with what is happening. This causes you to become restless and anxious. Constant worrying – Stress can cause over load on the body and this in turn can cause the body to find it hard to handle things. You start to constantly worry about what is happening and what is going to happen. 2. Emotional Symptoms Moodiness – People handle stress in different ways. Stress and the changes in the body can cause you to have mood swings that you find difficult to control. Agitation – This can be the bodies’ way of dealing with stress. As things are happening and changing around you, it can cause you to become agitated. Feeling overwhelmed – This can be caused be stress. There is so much happening and going on around you, that you may feel things are becoming too much. You may feel that things are out of your hands and you do not know what to do. Sense of isolation – Stress can cause you to isolate yourself off from others and your surroundings. You do not know how to handle things that you cut yourself off from the outside world and become isolated. Depression – Depression can be very serious, and left untreated can cause suicidal thoughts. You can become that stressed; you become low in mood and cannot see any way out. 3. Physical Symptoms Aches and pains – The body can become tired from stress and as a result you become run down. The body has general aches and pains. Many people may not associate this with stress but it is something to look out for. Nausea and Diarrhoea – Nausea or sickness and diarrhoea can be a common sign of stress. The body becomes run down and drained and this is the body’s way of coping. Left untreated, this can be serious for the body. Chest pain – Chest pain can be a physical symptom of stress and can be quite serious if ignored and left untreated. The amount of stress the body is enduring becomes too much and this is the bodies way of coping with it. Frequent colds – Frequent colds can be a sign that the body is run down and this can be a cause of stress. Again, this is something that some people may not associate with stress but it is something to look out for. 4. Behavioural Symptoms Eating more or less – One way of dealing with stress is to over eat or under eat. When people become stressed some people indulge on extra foods that they enjoy for comfort. Others, on the other hand, may find themselves under eating to help cope with stress. Sleeping too much or too little – Stress can take the energy out of the body and therefore make you want to sleep more. Also, because you have so much playing on your mind, it can cause lack of sleep due to worry. Isolation yourself from others – By isolating yourself from others, you are at a greater vulnerability to stress. However, stress can cause you to isolate yourself from others because you start to feel so low. Neglecting responsibilities – Stress can make people feel that low and they can lack motivation and energy. This in the long run can cause them to start neglecting the responsibilities. Using alcohol or drugs – Some people can turn to alcohol, cigarettes or drugs. This can help the body to relax, but over-use can cause more damage to the body in the long run. Nervous habits – Stress can cause you to start certain habits. This can include for example, nail biting or pacing up and down. All signs and symptoms can be serious and need to be checked out. A visit to your General Practitioner is advised for a check-up and for reassurance. However, one thing to remember is that everyone deals with stress in different ways. 9. 2Describe factors that tend to trigger own stress The situations and pressures that cause stress can be known as stressors. Stressors are commonly known as negative factors such as a tiring work schedule or financial problems. However, anything that puts high demand on the body and forces the body to change or adjust can be stressful. There are positive factors in life that can also cause stress and an example of this could be getting married or buying a house. Stress can be caused by both internal and external factors. External factors are commonly known as the things that we can see that we have no control over. Internal factors are commonly known as factors that are self-generated. This can be as a result of worrying over something that may or may not happen. What causes stress depends on the way in which we handle things. Everybody handles stress in different ways and no two people are the same. Whereas one person may find that having to queue is stressful, another person may feel that it can be quite relaxing as it gives you time to think. There are a number of factors that trigger stress and can include the following; ? Major life changes – The body gets into a routine when we carry out everyday tasks and jobs. We get used to things that we have to do. Major life changes can cause the body to go into shock and can cause stress. You may feel such situation difficult to handle and not know what to do. Examples of major life changes can include injury, illness or bereavement. The body goes into shock as this is the body’s way of dealing with such situation. ?Work Factors – You get into a routine at work and know how to handle things. A change in routine or pressures to meet work targets can cause stress. You may not know how to handle a situation or are unsure about carrying out a certain task. The body becomes stressed and you may not know what to do. One situation that I have found that can cause stress at work is dealing with difficult situations. In the event of an emergency bell going, the body kicks into action and you can become stressed. It can be a result as of change in situation or even the case that you feel things should be done differently. Stress can be handled in different ways and it is learning what is best for you. ?Relationship difficulties or family problems – Family can be a common cause of stress. A breakdown in relationship or arguments can cause stress. The body does not know how to handle situations and becomes stressed. Something may not be going the way you want, or someone maybe doing something that you disagree with. The body becomes stressed and can cause more problems as makes the situation more difficult to deal with. ?Financial problems – Money can be a big factor where stress is concerned. Earning too little or big bills can cause stress. You may feel that you are doing everything you can, but you are still not able to get on top of things. ?Being too busy – Work over-load or taking on too much responsibility can trigger stress. You may find there is not enough time to do things or not enough hours in the day. Stress becomes a factor and everything starts to become too much. 9. 3Evaluate strategies for managing stress Everybody has different ways of dealing with stress. Although one method of coping with stress may work for one person, it may not work for another. It is about finding what is best for you and using methods that are best suited to you and your lifestyle. If one way does not work for you, move on to a different way and find the method that works best. It can be said that it is about trial and error. You are the only person that can do something about your stress levels, from changing your lifestyle to asking for help and support. Physical Strategies – what you feel You need to maintain good sleeping patterns. Maintaining proper sleep can help you to cope with stress. Lack of sleep over a long period of time can cause depressions. When you are tired and run down, stress affects you more. You need to watch your diet. Caffeine intake can raise your stress levels considerably. A well balanced diet can improve your ability to cope with stress. An exercise program is a good way of managing stress. If you are in good physical shape, you are better able to tolerate stress. Through exercise, you are able to re-focus your attention and release stress and tension. Perceptual Strategies – what you see Diverse tactics are a good way of managing stress. When you feel yourself becoming stressed and uptight, diverse your attention elsewhere. This could include anything from hobbies to a favourite television program. In order to manage stress, you need to be able to focus your attention. You need to learn to ignore what is making you become uptight and focus on what is relaxing. Focus on things that make you happy and comfortable. Cognitive Strategies – what you think You need to stop trying to make yourself perfect. Although everyone wants to be the best that they can, you are who you are. By wanting to make yourself perfect, you are almost asking the impossible. You are going to raise your stress levels and make yourself something that you are not. It is about treating yourself to the things that you know you like and enjoying them. This can be anything from sweet treats, to hobby time or even time away. It is about making the most of the time you have. Stress and managing stress can also be related to self appraisal. You need to learn to think differently about things and evaluate the situation. Were there things that could have been done differently? Could you have used your time differently? Did it make you happy? Using self appraisal can help to reduce stress levels by managing you and your time differently. Affective Strategies – how you feel You need to be able to enjoy your life and those around you. It is about taking time out for yourself and doing the things that you enjoy. If you do not feel happy around people, try and make new friends. You need to be able to express your feelings openly. If you need to cry, cry and if you need to laugh, laugh. Do not keep feelings and emotions inside as this can help to increase your stress levels immensely. It is about managing your emotions and how you feel. Try not to take life too seriously and enjoy the good times! Environmental Strategies – what is around you In order to manage stress, you need to take time out from stressful situations. You need to engage yourself in things that you find relaxing and take time out for yourself. You need to keep yourself calm and focused in order to help manage stress levels. You need to try and avoid situations where possible, that make you stressed or anxious. I find myself that avoiding big crowds of people can sometimes help to relieve stress levels. You need to make the most of support around you. Ask for help from friends and families to help you through tough times. Asking for help does not mean that you have admitted defeat; it means that you are trying to make the better of something and improve upon your situation. 10Understand procedures regarding handling medication 10. 1Describe the main points of agreed procedures about handling medication There are acts that cover handling of medication that Companies need to adhere to keep in line with national policies and procedures. Outcome 9 of the Health and Social Care Act 2008 covers handling medication. The Management of Medicines Regulation 13 covers what companies should be doing to handle medication correctly. It ensures that service users will have their medicines at the times that they need them and in a safe way. Wherever possible, it ensures that all information regarding these medications is made available to service users at all times. It also covers where others are acting on a service user’s behalf. Such Outcome ensures that the company who complies with the regulation will handle medicines securely, safely and appropriately. It will ensure that all medicines and prescribed and are given safely. It will also ensure that Companies will follow published guidelines about how to use medicines safely. Handling Medicines in Social Care Settings Guidance 2007 covers the correct handling of medication. The purpose of this document is to provide professional guidance for people who are involved in handling medicines in every social care setting. The guidance given is based on good practice and current legislation. The Guidance ensures that every registered provider, such as a care home, and the care service manager are jointly responsible for the safe and appropriate handling of all medicines in the setting. It ensures that the company has written policies and procedures in place for all aspects of handling medication. It ensures that the registered care homes have competent and trained care workers administering and handling medication at all times. Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain – Main points for handling medication – This is a booklet for social care settings. The purpose of the booklet is to provide guidance for people in social care who are involved with the handling of medications. Social care settings can check local regulations and legislation at any time. The Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain outlines situations that may arise from handling medications. It outlines principles of safe handling of medication and explains how such principles relate to specific services. It outlines procedures and methods that work in line with best practice and represents good professional practice. Medication in a social care setting is the responsibility of trained Nurses. Staff do not have any responsibilities for medication unless they have received adequate training. As an NVQ Level 2 or 3 Carer, you cannot handle or administer medication without the appropriate training. Care providers are responsible for assessing a Care Worker’s competence to give medicines to the people that they care for. They should not make assumptions based on that care worker’s previous experience. Even when care staff do not routinely give medicines, it is important to know; †¢Whether the person has any medicines †¢What the medicines are and how they should be taken †¢What conditions the medicines are intended to treat. Agreed Procedures for handling medication Obtaining – This must be done by a responsible person (normally the trained nurse) working within locally defined protocols. There are three main groups of medication as defined by the Medicines Act 1968 and these are; †¢General Sale List (GSL) These medicines can be purchased from any shop. †¢Pharmacy Only (PO) These medicines can only be purchased from a pharmacy. †¢Prescription Only Medicines (POM) These medicines can only be obtained with a prescription. In care and domiciliary settings many medication orders will be repeat prescriptions. Obtaining the correct medication for individuals will be the responsibility of the trained nurse. It will be their responsibility to ensure that dosages match with the prescriptions. Storing – All medication needs to be stored in a clean, lockable, secure facility so that they cannot be mixed up with other people’s medicines and cannot be stolen. If a drug’s trolley is used, it must be secured to the wall when not in use and be big enough to store all required medication. The keys should be stored in a safe place or on the trained nurse, and not be left lying around. Administering – All organisations should have in place their own local policies and procedures for the safe administration of medication for that particular care setting. ‘Safe administration’ is defined as medicines given in such a way as to avoid causing harm to the person taking the medicine. Medicines must never be removed from their original containers or bottles in which they were dispensed by the pharmacist. Staff must always follow set procedures within their care settings and adhere to the main principals of safe administration. In many social care settings this will be the responsibility of the trained nurse and you will not administer any medication to individuals. In order to administer medication correctly, the trained nurse needs to; †¢Identify the medication correctly †¢Administer the correct dosage †¢Identify the person correctly †¢Know what the medicine is intended to do †¢Know whether any special precautions are needed Medicine must only be dispensed from its original container at the time of administration for the person for whom it is intended. It must never be decanted into another container or given to someone at a later time. Recording – Medicines are the property of the service user for whom they are prescribed, however, providers are required to keep records of medicine used by service users, ensure that there are regular reviews of medication being taken by service users and a record kept within the service user’s care/support plan. All medication records should be referenced back to the original prescription and not the previous Medicine Administration Record (MAR) chart. An up to date record of current medication prescribed for each service user must be maintained. Medicine records should be kept together in one place. MAR charts need to be completed at the time of administering medication. 10. 2Explain why medication must only be handled following specialist training Medication errors happen, but when they do it is important that there is a ‘no blame’ policy that encourages staff to report errors immediately. An error in the administration of a medicine can be at best inconvenient or at worse fatal. Common medications errors include the following; †¢Under administration By ensuring that you have specialist training in administering medication, you are reducing the likelihood of under administration. The administration of medication needs to tally with the dosage. Insufficient training may mean that not enough medication is given. The dosage is too low and thus will not be treating the service user in the appropriate way. †¢Over administration By ensuring that you have specialist training in administering medication, you are reducing the likelihood of over administration. The administration of medication needs to tally with the dosage. Insufficient training may mean that too much medication is given. The dosage is too high or too strong and thus will not be treating the service user in the appropriate way. This can have serious implications on the service user’s health and medical advice should be sought immediately. †¢Incorrect medication – Should medication be administered by people that have not had specialist training; you run the risk of administering the incorrect medication. You may not know how to identify the correct medication. By administering after specialist training, you are ensuring that the correct medication is given and matches up with the patient’s records. †¢Incorrect prescription By ensuring that you have specialist training in administering medication, you are reducing the likelihood of an incorrect prescription. The prescription may not match with the medication. Specialist training can help to identify such issues and ensure that you know how to go about dealing with them. †¢Non administration By ensuring that you have specialist training in administering medication, you are reducing the likelihood of non administration. By having insufficient training, you may not know when and how to administer medication and thus likely to miss administering. †¢Non recording – Should medication be administered by people that have not had specialist training, you may not know how to record medicines in the correct way. Such specialist training will ensure that you know how to read and complete the MAR chart correctly. It ensures that all medication is recorded in the correct way to adhere to local and national policies and procedures. †¢Administration of a wrong medicine to a wrong service user By ensuring that you have specialist training in administering medication, you are reducing the likelihood of administering the wrong medicine to the wrong service user. You need to be able to identify the correct service user and administer the correct medication. Incorrect or insufficient training can result in the wrong medication being given. †¢Administration at wrong time – By ensuring that you have specialist training in administering medication, you are reducing the likelihood of administering at the wrong time. Certain medications need to be given at certain times. This will be recorded on the medication and on the MAR chart. Such training ensures you know how to check and follow when medication needs to be given. All of the above points can also be the result of someone being inadequately trained. By ensuring that the trained nurse is responsible for the medicines, you are putting the welfare of the individuals’ first. It prevents such errors occurring and thus putting individual’s at risk. 10. 3Explain the consequences of handling medication without specialist training Handling medication without training is illegal and does not follow company protocol. Through lack of training, you run the risk of administering incorrect medicine and dosage. At its best, this can be inconvenient for the Company and the service user. At its worst, this can prove fatal for the service user or can create serious adverse effects. Through specialist training, you are taught how to record the administration of medication. Without such training, you are running the risk of not recording and not knowing how to record medication. This can have serious consequences. The next person to administer medication may not know they have previously had some if it is not recorded. This can result in an over dose for the service user and can have serious implications. At its worst, this can result in death. Through lack of training, you may not know about medications and their dosage. You may also not be aware of side effects and adverse reactions. Such implications can result in further illness. It can cause the service user’s health to deteriorate and can have long term health effects. Worst case scenario is that it can result in death. Insufficient training puts the safety and welfare of the service users at risk. They are in your care, and their health and well-being needs to be paramount at all times. Also, through inconsistency and lack of training, service user’s confidence can be affected. It can be said that they are putting their lives in your hands. They need to know that you are competent and knowledgeable in what you are doing. They need to know that they can trust you and that you know what you are doing. Lack of training can result in service user’s not trusting you to give them their medication. This can have serious implications on their health and is it means that are not being treated appropriately and can make health conditions worse. By administering medication without lack of training, you are not complying with the Care Quality Commission (CQC) essential standards of quality and safety. You are also not complying with Company policies and procedures. You are risking your career and job. Through the company, you can face disciplinary action which can lead to dismissal. Through the Care Quality Commission you can face prosecution and losing your pin so that you are unable to work as a Nurse again. The consequences of handling medication without specialist training are huge and can have life changing results. To handle and administer medication, you need to ensure that you are appropriately trained and following company and national protocol. You can cause serious health implications and even death to others, and can face loss of job or prosecution yourself.